{"id":49531,"date":"2020-11-28T17:02:43","date_gmt":"2020-11-28T17:02:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amazontrip.info\/web\/?p=49531"},"modified":"2023-02-02T17:43:11","modified_gmt":"2023-02-02T17:43:11","slug":"le-role-des-banques-et-de-la-societe-civile-dans-la-transformation-de-la-terre-en-une-planete-durable-et-solidaire-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.amazontrip.info\/web\/fr\/le-role-des-banques-et-de-la-societe-civile-dans-la-transformation-de-la-terre-en-une-planete-durable-et-solidaire-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Le r\u00f4le des banques et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile dans la transformation de la Terre en une plan\u00e8te durable et solidaire"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"river-Amazon\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Les banques ont de<\/span> grandes responsabilit\u00e9s vis-\u00e0-vis de th\u00e9matiques telles que <\/span>l<\/span>a mitigation<\/span> des changements <\/span>climatiques et la protection de l’environnement. En effet, <\/span>leurs r\u00f4les<\/span> d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>interm\u00e9diaires financiers, <\/span>leurs donnent la facult\u00e9 d\u2019<\/span>intervenir <\/span>en faveur de <\/span>l’environnement et <\/span>du<\/span> bien-\u00eatre des communaut\u00e9s \u00e0 travers<\/span> l\u2019activit\u00e9<\/span> de gestion <\/span>de patrimoines<\/span> et d’assurance.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Un grand nombre de banques choisissent souvent d’investir l’argent de leur client dans les multinationales p\u00e9troli\u00e8res et gazi\u00e8res ralentissant ainsi le processus de transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Selon un rapport publi\u00e9 en ao\u00fbt dernier par Sand.Earth et Amazon Watch, 19 banques europ\u00e9ennes ont financ\u00e9 des activit\u00e9s qui ont eu un impact sur la destruction et la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration du territoire de l’Amazonie \u00e9quatorienne. Ces \u00e9changes financiers ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 menacer la biodiversit\u00e9, les moyens de subsistance et la culture des populations indig\u00e8nes.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>Banktrack, l’organisation internationale qui surveille l’impact social et environnemental des actions bancaires, explique que \u00ab les banques, comme toute soci\u00e9t\u00e9, produisent directement des gaz \u00e0 effet de serre \u00e0 travers leurs activit\u00e9s. Cependant leur plus grande contribution \u00e0 l’augmentation des gaz \u00e0 effet de serre est indirecte, par le financement de clients et projets qui engendrent \u00e0 leur tour les \u00e9missions. Les banques continuent \u00e0 jouer un r\u00f4le fondamental comme principaux investisseurs des industries de charbon, p\u00e9trole et gaz, ralentissant de facto la transition (n\u00e9cessaire) d’une \u00e9conomie bas\u00e9e sur les combustibles fossiles vers une \u00e9conomie bas\u00e9e sur les \u00e9nergies renouvelables. Dans les faits, chaque nouveau puits de p\u00e9trole, chaque mine de charbon, chaque centrale \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 charbon ou terminal de gaz financ\u00e9 par les banques, est essentiellement incompatible avec les objectifs stipul\u00e9s par l’Accord de Paris. Pour att\u00e9nuer les effets du changement climatique et arr\u00eater notre d\u00e9pendance des combustibles fossiles, les banques doivent arr\u00eater de financer ces activit\u00e9s \u00bb (2020).\u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>Par cons\u00e9quent, nombreuses organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et mouvements de l’opinion publique ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se r\u00e9volter contre cette tendance.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>La campagne \u00e9tats-unienne\u202f\u201cStop the money Pipeline\u201d, guid\u00e9e par Jane Fonda, est en train d’\u00e9veiller la conscience des investisseurs am\u00e9ricains sur le fait qu’arr\u00eater le flux d’argent veut dire arr\u00eater le flux de p\u00e9trole. Plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, ce groupe demande que les banques, les gestionnaires d’actifs, les compagnies d’assurance et les investisseurs institutionnels bloquent les financements, les assurances et les investissements li\u00e9es \u00e0 la destruction du climat (2020).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Par ailleurs, le mouvement \u201cFridays for Future\u201d a toujours mis en \u00e9vidence le r\u00f4le significatif des banques quand elles choisissent de s’occuper de projets durables du point de vue environnemental et social (Press Dinamo, 2019).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces mouvements sociaux beaucoup de banques ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 utiliser des produits financiers \u201cverts\u201d, sans pourtant renoncer \u00e0 investir dans les activit\u00e9s polluantes. Ceci nous m\u00e8ne \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer le concept \u00e9mergeant de responsabilit\u00e9 partag\u00e9e entre autorit\u00e9s publiques, entreprises et soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

L’importance de faire participer les citoyens dans le processus de prise de d\u00e9cision est soulign\u00e9e par le fait que toutes les interventions \u00e9conomiques li\u00e9es aux activit\u00e9s de d\u00e9forestation \u2013 comme l’agriculture, l’\u00e9levage de b\u00e9tail et la production de bois de haute qualit\u00e9 \u2013 d\u00e9pendent enti\u00e8rement du march\u00e9 et des int\u00e9r\u00eats des consommateurs. Par cons\u00e9quent, les consommateurs peuvent utiliser leur pouvoir d’achat pour d\u00e9terminer la demande du march\u00e9, pour ensuite diminuer la consommation de biens qui peuvent contribuer \u00e0 la d\u00e9forestation.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Au m\u00eame temps, les citoyens n\u00e9cessitent d’informations claires pour pouvoir prendre des d\u00e9cisions en plein conscience. C’est pourquoi Amaz\u00f4nia Onlus<\/a> croit avec fermet\u00e9 que l’accessibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 des informations transparentes pour les citoyens-consommateurs est une condition fondamentale pour le succ\u00e8s de la gestion \u00ab\u202fde bas en haut\u202f\u00bb afin que le citoyen devienne un acteur conscient de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 lorsqu\u2019il doit d\u00e9cider si jouir d’un bien e\/ou d’un service.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Ce type d’information sym\u00e9trique est urgent et n\u00e9cessaire pour responsabiliser les citoyens\/investisseurs, puisque toutes les activit\u00e9s d\u00e9pendent de l’accumulation de capital qui d\u00e9rive des activit\u00e9s financi\u00e8res (c’est-\u00e0-dire des actions et obligations).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

L’Union Europ\u00e9enne est actuellement en train de travailler pour d\u00e9velopper des normes plus transparentes pour les institutions financi\u00e8res, ce qui permettra aux investisseurs d’avoir une connaissance claire de la durabilit\u00e9 de leurs investissements. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, le Vice-Pr\u00e9sident et Responsable pour l’\u00e9conomie de la Commission Europ\u00e9enne (Dombrovskis) a expliqu\u00e9 que \u00ab\u202f\u00e0 l’heure actuelle, il y a une lacune dans l’information de la durabilit\u00e9, ce qui repr\u00e9sente un obstacle contre la r\u00e9alisation de syst\u00e8mes financiers durables. Cette r\u00e9alisation est urgente puisque la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour les investisseurs d’avoir des informations d\u00e9taill\u00e9es, par rapport aux impacts des activit\u00e9s des entreprises, est en train de cro\u00eetre rapidement \u00bb (Focus Energia, 2020).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Le vieux mod\u00e8le (quoiqu\u2019encore le mod\u00e8le dominant) de r\u00e9aliser des affaires bas\u00e9es sur la cr\u00e9ation de valeur \u00e9conomique et profits est en train d’avoir un impact n\u00e9gatif sur notre plan\u00e8te et notre bien-\u00eatre (Banca Etica, 2020). Peut-\u00eatre que toute banque d’investissement devrait se baser sur les indicateurs inspir\u00e9s aux Objectifs de D\u00e9veloppement Durable 2030, comme les banques \u00e9thiques sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 en train de faire\u202f? Sans le moindre doute, une \u00e9conomie durable et solidaire ascendante devra faire partie de l’\u00e9quation pour la survie de notre Plan\u00e8te Terre.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Texte<\/span> de Alice Martiny<\/p>

Photo<\/span>: Fabio Liggeri<\/p>

Citations<\/p>

Banca Etica Report. https:\/\/bancaetica.it\/report-impatto-2019\/<\/a>.<\/p>

Banktrack. \u201cBanks, climate and energy\u201d. https:\/\/www.banktrack.org\/campaign\/banks_climate_and_energy<\/a>.<\/p>

Etica SGR. https:\/\/www.eticasgr.com\/investimento-responsabile\/il-nostro-impatto\/report-di-impatto<\/a>.<\/p>

Focus Energia. 2020. https:\/\/www.ansa.it\/canale_ambiente\/notizie\/focus_energia\/2020\/02\/21\/finanza-sostenibile-ue-via-alla-revisione-della-direttiva-nfrd_12c8bbc1-082a-4877-bcd2-ac4c006e0c08.html<\/a>.<\/p>

Fridays for Future activist. \u201cLa casa \u00e8 in fiamme: azioni di Fridays for Future in tutta Italia\u201d. Press Dinamo<\/em>. July 2019. https:\/\/www.dinamopress.it\/news\/la-casa-fiamme-azioni-fridays-for-future-tutta-italia\/<\/a>.<\/p>

Hirschmann, Susanne. \u201cThe Role of Citizens in Producing and Consuming their Own Renewable Energy\u201d. Quaderns dela Mediterr\u00e0nia<\/em>. 2017.\u00a0 https:\/\/www.iemed.org\/observatori\/arees-danalisi\/arxius-adjunts\/quaderns-de-la-mediterrania\/qm25\/citizens_renewable_energy_Susanne_Hirschmann_QM25_en.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>

Robertson, Angeline. \u201cEuropean Banks financing trade of controversial Amazon oil to the US\u201d. Report by Amazon Watch and Stand.earth.<\/em> 2020. https:\/\/www.stand.earth\/sites\/stand\/files\/eu-banks-financing-amazon-oil-standearth-amazonwatch.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>

Stop the Money Pipeline Website. 2020. https:\/\/stopthemoneypipeline.com\/about-2\/<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les banques ont de grandes responsabilit\u00e9s vis-\u00e0-vis de th\u00e9matiques telles que la mitigation des changements climatiques et la protection de l’environnement. En effet, leurs r\u00f4les d\u2019interm\u00e9diaires financiers, leurs donnent la facult\u00e9 d\u2019intervenir en faveur de l’environnement et du bien-\u00eatre des communaut\u00e9s \u00e0 travers l\u2019activit\u00e9 de gestion de patrimoines et d’assurance.\u00a0\u00a0 Un grand nombre de banques … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":33547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-en"],"yoast_head":"\nLe r\u00f4le des banques et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile dans la transformation de la Terre en une plan\u00e8te durable et solidaire - Amazon Trip<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le banche detengono grandi responsabilit\u00e0 verso tematiche come la mitigazione dei cambiamenti climatici e della protezione ambientale. 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